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The Meek
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughThe concept of conversation surfaces briefly as an illustration of how words can drift in meaning over time, a phenomenon known as semantic drift. In contemporary usage, conversation refers to a discussion or exchange of opinions, ideas, or observations between people. However, this was not its meaning when the King James Version was translated in 1611. At that time, conversation meant conduct or behavior rather than verbal exchange. This distinction becomes evident in Hebrews 13:5, where the King James rendering, "Let your conversation be without covetousness," is not instructing believers about their speech but about their overall conduct. Modern English Bibles that recognize this shift often translate the verse as "Let your conduct be without covetousness," which conveys a much broader meaning encompassing one's entire manner of life rather than merely conversational exchanges. This example of conversation serves a larger purpose: demonstrating how linguistic changes over centuries can distort the understanding of biblical terms and verses. Because words retain the same or nearly the same spelling while their underlying meanings shift, readers can easily misunderstand a passage if they impose modern definitions onto older texts. Conversation is presented as a clear and accessible case of this problem, preparing the way for a more significant example, that of the word "meek." Just as conversation has drifted from meaning conduct to meaning verbal discussion, meek has drifted from describing a strength of character to suggesting weakness, submissiveness, or timidity. In its earlier and more accurate sense, meekness described someone who endured insult or injury with patience and without resentment, someone who did not retaliate under pressure. This was considered a mark of strength, not deficiency. The comparison to conversation underscores the broader argument that the beatitude "Blessed are the meek" has been widely misunderstood precisely because the English word meek no longer carries its original force. Modern readers, influenced by rhyme association with "weak" and by popular depictions such as Charles Wesley's hymn "Gentle Jesus, Meek and Mild," tend to picture meekness as passivity or docility rather than the disciplined, powerful self-restraint modeled by Jesus Christ, particularly in His trial before Pilate and His arrest in Gethsemane. Thus, the discussion of conversation functions as a linguistic case study that validates the broader method of examining semantic drift throughout the sermon. It illustrates that words used in older translations of Scripture, including meek, must be understood according to their original historical and linguistic context rather than their modern connotations, in order to grasp the true nature of the character trait Jesus commends in the Beatitudes.
Defining Logos (Part Two)
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughThe word "conversation" serves as a striking illustration of how language shifts in meaning over time, a principle introduced through a word-game exercise designed to demonstrate that understanding depends heavily on perception, background, education, language skills, and experience. Just as words like "hat," "board," and "foundation" carry multiple meanings depending on context, and just as an unfamiliar word like aufrichtig means nothing without explanation, "conversation" demonstrates that a single word can undergo a complete transformation in meaning across time. Historically, "conversation" meant conduct or behavior, but over the course of approximately four hundred years, it evolved to mean dialogue—what people say to one another. This shift exemplifies a broader linguistic reality: words are not fixed in meaning but are fluid, shaped by regional usage (as with "read" meaning to clear a table in western Pennsylvania, or "fixin'" meaning "preparing to" in southern dialects) and by the passage of time. This principle carries significant weight for biblical study. If a common English word like "conversation" can shift so dramatically in meaning within a few centuries, then how much more essential is it to understand the original meanings of Hebrew and Greek words as they were understood by the writers and original audiences of Scripture? Words in unfamiliar languages—or words whose meanings have drifted—could contain the very words of eternal life yet remain utterly useless if their true definitions are not sought out. This is why cultivating curiosity about the original meanings of biblical terms becomes essential; one need not master Hebrew or Greek, but simply take the initiative to research word meanings in their proper context. This linguistic lesson directly connects to the deeper study of the Greek word logos and its Hebrew counterpart dabar, both translated as "word." Just as "conversation" has been invested with a meaning far removed from its origin, "logos" has been burdened with philosophical, religious, and pagan speculations that obscure its true biblical sense. The exercise involving "conversation" and other shifting words thus functions as a preparatory lesson: it trains the reader to recognize that meaning must be established through careful contextual study rather than assumed from modern usage. This is precisely the method applied to unpacking logos—tracing its usage throughout the New Testament and its Hebrew equivalent dabar throughout the Old Testament—to arrive at a stable, contextually grounded understanding: reasoned speech, communication, revelation, and, when applied to God, the very Person who reveals Himself through speech and action. Ultimately, the discussion of "conversation" as a word that changed meaning over centuries serves as a gateway into the larger theme of the sermon—that words, particularly biblical words like logos, must be understood on their own terms and within their historical and linguistic context. This principle undergirds the entire exploration of how the Word of the Lord in the Old Testament and the Logos of John 1:1 refer to the same eternal Being, later revealed in the flesh as Jesus Christ, who came to fully and clearly declare the Father to humanity.
Defining Logos (Part One)
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughThe concept of conversation emerges as one of the richest illustrations of the Greek word logos, revealing that this term encompasses far more than a single word or saying. This is demonstrated through the example of a supervisor asking, "Lois, may I have a word?" What begins as a request for a single word develops into an extended exchange involving instruction, questions, counter-arguments, and resolution. The supervisor states his need, Lois raises an objection about competing priorities, and he responds with reasoning that settles the matter. This exchange illustrates that logos is fundamentally a full-fledged argument or reasoned discourse rather than an isolated term—it may be complex or simple, but it always contains an idea expressed in a logical, rational manner. This principle finds direct scriptural support in Luke 24:17, where two disciples walking to Emmaus are engaged in what the King James Version calls "communication" and other translations render as "conversation." Their exchange is far from idle chatter; it is a serious, even heated discussion concerning Jesus' arrest, trial, crucifixion, and the perplexing fact that He had promised resurrection. The disciples are shown talking back and forth, presenting arguments and evidence, one raising a point about the Temple and the other countering with a different interpretation. This conversational exchange demonstrates logical thought and intellect being applied as the disciples attempt to reason through what had happened, even though their conversation ultimately reveals what they were missing—true belief in what Jesus had said. Jesus Himself draws near and listens to this conversation before addressing their lack of understanding. These examples of conversation serve a larger purpose in demonstrating the breadth of meaning contained in logos. Rather than being confined to a single translated word, logos is shown to encompass reasoned communication, dialogue, instruction, and the exchange of ideas between parties. The conversational illustrations work alongside other uses of logos—such as report, rumor, account, treatise, and message—to establish that this term fundamentally means rational thought and reason communicated. A thought confined to one's mind accomplishes nothing; it must be expressed, spoken, or exchanged with another to have effect, and conversation represents this communicative, relational dimension of logos particularly well. This understanding of conversation as a component of logos ultimately connects to the broader argument concerning John's use of the term as a title for Christ. By establishing that logos naturally includes reasoned dialogue and exchange between persons, the groundwork is laid for recognizing that when John writes "In the beginning was the Word," he is pointing to a Being who communicates, reasons, and relates—consistent with the God revealed in Genesis as a Being of intellect, purpose, and speech, whose words produce reality. The conversational aspect of logos thus reinforces the personal, relational nature of the Word who was with God and was God.
Teach Your Children
Sermonette by Bill CherryGod instructs us to engage in conversation with our children as a vital part of teaching them His Word. We are to talk of His commands when we sit in our house, when we walk by the way, when we lie down, and when we rise up, making these discussions a constant presence in every facet of life. This conversation, though often casual, is purposeful; it involves listening to our children, understanding their minds and hearts, and talking with them about everything to grasp how they feel and think. In these moments, we may guide the conversation toward God's Word, sharing examples from our own experiences, such as responding to anger with a soft answer to turn away wrath, or offering gentle suggestions for their behavior. Spending time with our children, especially teenagers who face negative influences from the world, is crucial. We must stop everything, look them in the eye, and truly talk with them during everyday activities like folding clothes, doing housework, or playing sports. These casual conversations provide opportunities to understand our children and, when appropriate, offer guidance with the Scriptures. By showing love and prioritizing these interactions over distractions, we demonstrate that they are more important than anything else, reinforcing the value of God's Word in their lives.