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Image and Likeness of God (Part One)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

The Hebrew word *dmuwth* (H1823), often translated as "likeness," appears in various contexts to denote resemblance or similarity in form and shape. In Ezekiel 1, this term is used repeatedly to describe the appearance of living creatures and other elements, emphasizing a physical likeness to a man or recognizable forms such as a throne. For instance, in Ezekiel 1:5, the living creatures are described as having the likeness of a man, indicating a shared general form and shape. Further, in Ezekiel 1:10, their faces are detailed with specific resemblances, and in Ezekiel 1:13, 1:26, and 1:28, the term continues to highlight visible forms. This usage recurs in Ezekiel 10:1, 10:10, and 10:22, reinforcing the concept of a tangible, observable resemblance. Even scholarly sources, such as the Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, acknowledge that Ezekiel's descriptions suggest a physical resemblance between man and God, aligning with the concrete implications of *dmuwth*. Additionally, *dmuwth* is synonymous with related terms like *tselem* and the Greek *icon*, all of which consistently point to a direct relationship between the original and its image, underscoring an outward, bodily likeness rather than an abstract or solely spiritual similarity.

Lessons from the Count to Pentecost

Sermon by Mark Schindler

The Hebrew word demooth (Strong's 1823), translated "likeness" in Genesis 1:26, goes beyond tselem ("image"), which is only a shadow or outline of the original. Demooth indicates a more concrete resemblance. In the ancient pictographic Hebrew, the d is a door, picturing movement back and forth, and the m is water, which can represent blood. Together they mean the flowing of blood, and the idea is that a son from the blood of his father resembles his father. God made Adam resemble his Father from the inside out when He breathed the breath of His life into him. That breath flowed in the blood through Adam's body and brain, and it gave man the spirit of man, the ability to reason, to think as God thinks in a limited way, to consider eternity, and to make choices. Those choices fill the image with substance. Men who live by the senses alone have only the image, and they are mere shadows and vapors that God finds worthless. Likeness requires God's life within and a new heart of flesh. Israel in the wilderness had the outward image of order but lacked this inner likeness, so they despised the manna and God despised their image. Those called now are predestined to be conformed to the image of Christ, truly born into God's image according to His likeness.

Image and Likeness of God (Part Two)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

The Hebrew word *dmuwth* (H1823), translated as "likeness," is central to understanding the relationship between God and humanity as presented in Scripture. In the Old Testament, particularly in Genesis 1, God declares that man is made in His image and likeness, using both *tselem* (image) and *dmuwth* (likeness). These terms overwhelmingly refer to form and shape in their contextual usage, indicating that man is created in the bodily image of God. To argue that *dmuwth* and *tselem* do not include physical form when applied to God, while accepting that they do when used for idols, is inconsistent, as the same words describe both. The usage of *dmuwth* alongside *tselem* clearly points to an outward, observable similarity, suggesting that God Himself possesses a form and shape akin to that of a man. This understanding is reinforced by numerous biblical accounts where God reveals Himself with a tangible appearance, confirming that *dmuwth* encompasses a physical likeness as part of His revelation to humanity.