The Hebrew word moedim, a plural noun, denotes appointed seasons or appointed times, referring to the festivals of God, His feast days, often called holy days. Lunar Sabbatarians, referencing Genesis 1:14, conclude that the sun and particularly the moon play a key role in establishing these seasons, specifically the appointed feast days of God. Leviticus 23 summarizes these festival days, these moedim, emphasizing the cycle of the seventh day rather than the arrival of a new moon. Notably, in pivotal passages concerning the weekly Sabbath, the word moedim is absent, indicating that the weekly occasion is not an appointed feast and is not tied to the annual occasions defined by a separate cycle.

The Lord's appointed times, known as moedim in Hebrew, literally mean appointments. These holy days and festivals commemorate significant events in Israel's history and reveal God's great plan of salvation for mankind. Observed in both testaments of Scripture and by early Christian churches, including Gentile congregations, these appointments hold profound importance. God dictates how we are to worship Him, setting specific times for these observances, as they are His designated moments to meet with humanity. These moedim occur throughout the year on the Hebrew calendar, a lunar-solar system based on the phases of the moon and the sun. Unlike the Gregorian solar calendar, the Hebrew calendar aligns months with new and full moons, incorporating leap months to maintain seasonal consistency. Key appointments include the weekly Sabbath, spring festivals such as Passover, the Feast of Unleavened Bread, and Pentecost, as well as fall festivals like Trumpets, Atonement, the Feast of Tabernacles, and the Last Great Day. The Sabbath, rooted in the creation of the world, was blessed by God as a sign for all mankind to come before Him in adoration and worship. Historically, significant events often aligned with these appointed times. The deliverance of Israel from Egypt on the 14th day of the first month became known as Passover because of God's actions on that night. It is suggested that this day was already one of God's moedim before the event, just as the sacrifice of Jesus Christ occurred on Passover because He is the Passover Lamb, fulfilling the appointed time established by God. These divine appointments, evident from the creation account in Genesis, indicate that God marked out special times for significant events in His plan for all of humanity.

God has established the concept of time as a fundamental aspect of creation, and within this framework, He has set specific appointed times, known as mo'adim, to guide His people. These mo'adim, recurring cycles marked by the sun and moon, are visible in the heavens and serve as indicators of when to observe significant events, such as planting and reaping, as well as God's holy convocations. They are not merely seasonal markers but are deeply tied to His divine calendar, where He appoints specific times for meeting with His people. Through the creation of the sun, moon, and stars on the fourth day, God provided a means to count time accurately and purposefully. These celestial bodies help determine the mo'adim, embedding His meeting times into the lives of His called ones. When He sets a holy time, such as the 15th day of the first month, He infuses Himself into that moment, making it sacred, and expects those He calls to gather with Him. This synchronization with His time brings blessings, knowledge, understanding, and wisdom, as well as the intangible benefits of congregating with Him and His people. Keeping these appointed times offers a profound advantage, revealing God's plan—past, present, and future—to those who observe them. Unlike others who cannot grasp what He is doing, those in harmony with Him through the mo'adim gain insight into His purpose, enabling them to align their lives accordingly and prepare for eternal life in His Kingdom. This alignment is a foundational step in organizing time wisely, prioritizing what matters, and making decisions that lead to everlasting life with Him.