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Pentecost Revisited (Part One): Counting Consistently

Article by John W. Ritenbaugh

In years when Passover falls on a weekly Sabbath, a unique situation arises regarding the count to Pentecost. This occurrence, happening less than 13 percent of the time in the last century, results in the first day of Unleavened Bread being a Sunday, which is also a high holy day Sabbath. Consequently, the last day of Unleavened Bread, another high holy day Sabbath, coincides with the weekly Sabbath, making it the only weekly Sabbath within the Feast of Unleavened Bread in those years. To maintain a consistent and unswerving rule, the count to Pentecost begins the day after this weekly Sabbath, which falls one day outside the Feast of Unleavened Bread. Scripture provides no command or example requiring the Wavesheaf to be waved during the Feast of Unleavened Bread, and Leviticus 23:10-11, 15-16 implies the importance of the weekly Sabbath's occurrence within the Feast. Passover, though occasionally on a weekly Sabbath, does not qualify as a weekly Sabbath within the Feast of Unleavened Bread, as Leviticus 23:5-6 clearly distinguishes it as a separate festival from Unleavened Bread. Using Passover as the starting point for the count is inconsistent with the method applied in the majority of years. Furthermore, no historical record shows any Jewish group observing Wavesheaf Day on anything but a common workday, always beginning the count on the day following a Sabbath, never on a Sabbath itself. God's marker for triggering the count remains the weekly Sabbath falling between the two holy days of Unleavened Bread, ensuring the count's consistency and alignment with the pattern established by Jesus Christ, Who ascended to heaven on a Sunday morning after the weekly Sabbath during the Feast.

Pentecost, Consistency, and Honesty

'Personal' from John W. Ritenbaugh

When Passover falls on a weekly Sabbath, the counting to Pentecost must still adhere to the principle of beginning with the day after the weekly Sabbath within the Days of Unleavened Bread. The count always starts with the day following the weekly Sabbath that falls on or between the two holy days during the Days of Unleavened Bread, ensuring the correct positioning of Wavesheaf Day and Pentecost. Scripture provides no authority to alter the method of counting to Pentecost based on the day Passover occurs, maintaining consistency in using the weekly Sabbath as the key reference point. Honoring God's Sabbath by using the correct weekly Sabbath to establish Wavesheaf Day ensures Pentecost, another Sabbath, is observed on the intended day each year.

Pentecost, Consistency, and Honesty

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

When Passover falls on a weekly Sabbath, it creates disputes within the Church of God regarding the proper counting method for locating Pentecost. This disagreement results in various groups observing Pentecost one week apart. The weekly Sabbath that falls within the Days of Unleavened Bread is of primary importance, as it determines when Wavesheaf Day occurs, which in turn sets the date for Pentecost. According to the rule derived from Leviticus 23, the count to Pentecost always begins the day after the weekly Sabbath within the Days of Unleavened Bread. When Passover falls on a Saturday, which is a weekly Sabbath, the next day, the 15th of Nisan, is the first day of Unleavened Bread. The only weekly Sabbath within the Days of Unleavened Bread in this case is the 21st of Nisan, which is also the last day of Unleavened Bread, making it a double Sabbath. Consequently, Wavesheaf Day falls on the 22nd of Nisan, and Pentecost is observed on Sivan 12. There is no authority in Scripture to change the method of counting to Pentecost when Passover falls on the weekly Sabbath, and the count must begin on the day following the weekly Sabbath, which varies in date each year depending on the day Passover occurs.

The New Testament Day of the Wavesheaf (Part One)

CGG Weekly by David C. Grabbe

Many do not realize that Wavesheaf Day appears seven times in the New Testament. Translators obscure it by overlooking a plural in the Greek text.

Was Joshua Required to Offer the Wavesheaf?

Sermonette by David C. Grabbe

The phrase, 'when you come into the land' (regarding offering the Wavesheaf), sounds like an absolute command, but its usage shows there may be qualifiers.

Wavesheaf Requirements and Joshua 5

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

Passover, though a festival, is not a Sabbath, so that eliminates it as a possibility as the anchor from which Pentecost is found each and every year. It is not a Sabbath.

Pentecost Revisited (Part Two): Joshua 5

'Personal' from John W. Ritenbaugh

Joshua 5 makes no mention of a harvest, an altar, a priest, the waving of the sheaf, or the offerings God commanded to accompany the waving of the sheaf.

The Very Same Day

Sermon by David C. Grabbe

The 'very same' or 'selfsame' day is a memorial of a past event, typically on the same date, including several of God's appointed times and pronouncements.

How to Count to Pentecost in 2025

Sermon by David C. Grabbe

There has been a subtle doctrinal shift in how the Church of God counts to Pentecost, like the cultural rebranding which switched the political colors of the two major political parties during the 2000 U.S. election. Leviticus 23 commands God's people to count to Pentecost "from the morrow after the Sabbath" culminating on the day after the after the seventh Sabbath. Historically, God's Church followed the Sadducean practice anchoring the count to the weekly Sabbath during Unleavened Bread, with the Days of Unleavened Bread, even if the offering occurred on a holy day or a high Sabbath. In 1974, the church surreptitiously aligned itself with the Karaite practice of always putting Wavesheaf day within Unleavened Bread. Proponents tried to link Christ's resurrection with Unleavened Bread, at the cost of overriding clear, well-established, biblical commands. Unlike the change of observing Pentecost from Monday to Sunday, this additional subtle change was never explained publicly. Herbert W. Armstrong never publicly spoke or wrote about this second change. God's called-out saints must return to the original method for 1.) Scriptural integrity-the Sabbath refers to a weekly Sabbath rather than a high day. 2.) Historical and Theological Consistency-The Sadducees, who controlled the Temple at this time, used this method. 3.) Practical Faithfulness-the Wave Sheaf signals a task reserved for a workday rather than a Holy Sabbath. 4.) Guarding against doctrinal drift—just as slight changes in tradition can obscure core truths, such as Sunday worship replacing God's Sabbath, and adding requirements not found in Scripture, risks the danger of making the commands of Almighty God "of no effect." The count to Pentecost in 2025 and every year thereafter, must begin on the Sunday after the weekly Sabbath during Unleavened Bread.

Pentecost: A Test?

CGG Weekly by Pat Higgins

Being careless with something we deem minor can be fatal. We are to live by every word God gives to us, kept pure, unadulterated by additions and subtractions.

Countdown to Pentecost 2001

'Personal' from John W. Ritenbaugh

How does one count to Pentecost when Passover is on a weekly Sabbath, making the Last Day of Unleavened Bread the only other available Sabbath to begin the count?

Did Israel Offer the Wavesheaf in Joshua 5?

Article by David C. Grabbe

For decades, the church of God has struggled with counting Pentecost, especially in years when Passover falls on a Sabbath. Does Joshua 5 hold the key or not?

Does Doctrine Really Matter? (Part Six)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

Confusion over time of Passover, the wavesheaf offering, and Pentecost results from making assumptions unwarranted by clear scriptural evidence.

The Wavesheaf and the Selfsame Day

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

The wavesheaf offering is reckoned from the weekly Sabbath within the Days of Unleavened Bread. It had specific requirements that were not met in Joshua 5.