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Was Jesus Christ's Body Broken? (Part Three)
CGG Weekly by David C. GrabbeJesus Christ, as the object of offerings, embodies a supreme victory through His death, not a defeat. He fulfilled the sin offering by living a completely sinless life, gave Himself in complete devotion to the Father as the burnt offering, served humanity to the utmost as the grain offering, poured Himself out as a drink offering, and reconciled God and men through His death, mirroring the peace offering. His crucifixion, though marring Him beyond recognition, did not break Him; He remained unbroken, holding His head up until He gave up His spirit. In the context of the Passover, the bread and wine symbolize communion, sharing, and fellowship with Jesus Christ. The bread, broken for sharing, represents participation in one unbroken body, His body, uniting all who partake in fellowship with Him. Jesus Himself described this bread as a symbol of life, not death, emphasizing that He is the living bread from heaven. He declared that whoever eats of this bread, representing His flesh, will live forever, highlighting a living body rather than a broken one. The bread at Passover symbolizes His sinless, living flesh, not a dead or broken body. Partaking of this bread connects us to His perfect life, a life lived flawlessly to make His sacrifice effective. We are accepted into God's presence through His undefiled body, and by eating the living bread, we abide in Him and He in us, sustaining our connection to the living Savior and to others who share in this fellowship.
Is the Passover Just a Sin Offering? (Part One)
Article by David C. GrabbeGod provided a testimony of the Messiah's life in four gospels, each presenting a unique perspective on Jesus Christ's life and ministry, working together to render a vivid account of how God acted as a human being. Even as the gospels give four distinct representations of the same perfect life, so also Christ's death has multiple facets and implications. God provided lenses through which to view His Son's life and death through various sacrifices, enabling us to glean as much meaning as possible from His sacrifice, which reveals the richness of God's Word. Jesus told the Jews of His day that the Scriptures testify of Him, and on the road to Emmaus after His resurrection, He expounded to the disciples all the things concerning Himself in the Scriptures, beginning at Moses and all the Prophets. All the details in the sacrificial system and ceremonies within the Pentateuch point to Jesus Christ in some way, with every sacrificial animal of specified species, age, and gender testifying to the Savior in some facet. God planned and willed Christ's sacrifice before the foundation of the world, and while it fulfilled the sin offering, it is only one among several offerings that Jesus also fulfilled. In these other offerings, a life was given for a different purpose, and at times, Christ's sacrifice is described in terms of payment for sin, yet in other instances, it should be seen through the lens of different types of offerings. Scripture pictures Jesus as a lamb more than any other animal, representing quiet, accepting submission even in suffering, though lambs fulfilled a wide variety of symbolic roles within the sacrificial system, requiring context to understand their specific significance. Christ's sacrifice is about far more than just paying the death penalty for sin, and limiting it to the sin offering alone blinds us to the fullness of God's purpose. The Passover, observed annually by dedicated followers of Jesus Christ, commemorates His death, but it is not solely about sin or its payment, symbolizing instead the fellowship and peaceful abundance we now have with God because of His covenant. The Day of Atonement, focused on the complete cleansing of sin through the work of Jesus Christ alone, shows that He bore our sins and took them away, fulfilling all aspects of the ceremony involving the two goats. Though Christ's sacrifice late on Passover day sealed the covenant and fulfilled the Day of Atonement, the timing of His death did not specifically align with any commanded sacrifices but aligned with the sealing of the Abrahamic covenant, initiating the New Covenant. His death served multiple purposes simultaneously, acting as a divine pledge of loyalty and functioning as the covenant victim, distinct from His role as the ultimate sin offering.
Who Fulfills the Azazel Goat— Satan or Christ? (Part Five)
'Ready Answer' by David C. GrabbeJesus Christ stands as the true fulfillment of the sacrificial offerings described in Leviticus 16, embodying the roles of both goats in the Atonement ritual. Scripture provides multiple witnesses that He bears mankind's sins, as seen in Isaiah 53:11-12, I Peter 2:24, and Hebrews 9:28, where God lays the iniquity of us all on the Messiah. Through His death, resurrection, and ascension, His blood opens access to the Holiest of All and makes Him the Mediator of a New Covenant, as noted in Hebrews 9:8 and 9:15. The first goat in the ritual cleansed the holy place, while the second goat, the azazel, bore the iniquities away to an uninhabited land, completely removing them from view. This act is fulfilled in Christ, for our iniquity was laid on Him, He bore our sins, and He took them away, as affirmed in Isaiah 53:6, Colossians 2:14, and Hebrews 10:4. His singular sacrifice fulfills all the cleansing sacrifices, purifying the points of contact between the holy God and defiled man. The New Covenant, through His work, provides both access to God and forgiveness of sins, ensuring atonement as we grow in the image of God, as described in Hebrews 8:10-12 and 13:10. During His final Passover, He speaks confidently of the close personal relationship with God made possible by His sacrifice, promising to love and manifest Himself to those who keep His commandments, declaring that both He and the Father will make Their home with them, as recorded in John 14:21 and 14:23. He assures oneness through the Father's keeping, not dependent on external conditions, extending this promise to all who believe in Him, as seen in John 17:11 and 17:20-23.
Offerings (Part Six)
Sermon/Bible Study by John W. RitenbaughJesus Christ stands as the central figure in the metaphor of the offerings, embodying the roles of offeror, offering, and priest. He is the object of these sacrifices, satisfying God through His perfect devotion. In the burnt offering, He exemplifies complete and total dedication to God by keeping the first four commandments flawlessly. In the meal offering, He demonstrates His devotion to God on behalf of man, perfectly adhering to the last six commandments. This perfect life of 33½ years, without a single moral or spiritual imperfection, qualified Him to become the sin offering. His sinless existence ensured that no internal desecration or carnality disqualified Him from being a fitting sacrifice to pay the penalty for humanity's sins. As the sin offering, Jesus Christ took upon Himself the sins of mankind, becoming sin personified. In this act, He was cast out of God's presence, burned outside the camp, reflecting the judgment and rejection of sin. Through this sacrifice, He paid the legal obligation required by God's law, a payment made in blood to meet the wages of sin, which is death. His sacrifice, of far greater value than any animal offering, was sufficient to cover all sins of mankind for all time, requiring only one payment. This act established communion with God, allowing access into His presence through the rending of the veil by His sacrifice. The perfection of His life as a burnt offering and meal offering, spanning 33½ years, was the greater sacrifice that enabled Him to be the sin offering, which took only a few hours. His fear of losing fellowship with God, evident in His cry of forsakenness, underscores the gravity of being cut off from divine communion during this act. Through His judgment, justice was satisfied, and humanity was judged in Him, granting forgiveness and freedom from sin. His continuous application of the sin offering ensures that as sins occur in the Christian life, they are covered, maintaining access to God's throne room through His blood.
Offerings (Part Two)
Sermon/Bible Study by John W. RitenbaughJesus Christ is the object of the law. He is the object in one sense of the entire Bible. Object in this sense means one who is the center or focus of thought. He is the center or focus of thought in the law. All that law that appears back in the Old Testament means that He is the end. He is the end result. He is the goal. He is the aim. He is the purpose. Christ is the personification of everything that is right and good. He is the personification of perfect love. He is the personification of government. He is the standard toward which men are to strive. The goal of the law is to achieve Christ-like character. The law is a shadow. It is not the image. It is not the reality. Christ is the reality. What He was in His character, in His mind, in His attitudes, and the way that He conducted His life is the reality. The sacrifices of Leviticus are a means to an end. They are the means through which details of the character of Jesus Christ are learned. The sacrifices show the details of the mind of Christ. They show the character of Christ in an animal, a typical form. Things have been made for Him. He is the heir. He is the one who has come and confirmed the promises. He was the promised Seed. That word author means a pioneer as well as being an author. It means a scout. Its general meaning is that of someone who does something with the intent that others will follow. He is a pathfinder. He is the founder of something like a person who founds a city or who founds an institution such as a school or a church, but He does it with the intention that others may enter into the very thing that He has founded. There is very good scriptural evidence that He did what He did for the purpose that others should follow in His steps. He became the example. As the sacrifices of Leviticus describe the character of Jesus Christ, as He is the object of them, they cannot be separated from that intent that others should try to follow after what He did, follow in the same path, in the same footsteps. The burnt offering shows a man giving to God what truly satisfies God. It shows a man giving to God what is due to God. It shows a man giving to God what God's portion of that man's life is. It has to do with devotion. It has to do with complete and total devotion, with nothing left out of response to God. It was a sweet savor offering. It was offered for acceptance, that is, in the behalf of, in the place of, in the instead of, the offeror, the one who was making the offer. A life was offered and that life was the life of an animal. It was wholly burnt up. The burnt offering was wholly burnt up. It shows very clearly there that the animal was killed, the animal was cut up into its various parts, its head, its legs, its entrails, and the fat, and that they were all washed with water and they were put on the altar. The head represents the thinking portion of a person's mind. The legs indicate the way the person conducted his life, that is, the walk. The entrails, the inwards, the feelings, the emotions, also devoted to God as well. The fat indicates general health and vigor. The whole life was totally surrendered to God. Nothing was reserved for the self. Nothing was given to the offeror. Nothing was given to the priest. Everything went to God. What the burnt offering symbolizes is a person completely, totally devoted to God in every aspect of life. What is being described here is the mind, the heart, the character, the attitudes of Jesus Christ. He is the standard. He is the object of the law. He is the Archegos. He is the one who goes before. He is the pioneer. He is the author. He is the one that is to be followed. His devotion to God was complete and total in every area, every aspect of life. His sacrifice began when He gave up being God. That sacrifice of His life, that is, the way He lived His life, is what is concerned here with the burnt offering. He was the example. There are three general varieties within those animals being offered: the herd, the
Offerings (Part One)
Sermon/Bible Study by John W. RitenbaughJesus Christ is the object of the offerings. The offerings describe Him in His person, character, and office. In all of the offerings Christ is the offerer. In all of the offerings Christ is the offering. In all of the offerings Christ is the priest. As the offerer Christ appears as God who became man. As the offering Christ appears in His character. As the priest Christ appears in His official function mediating and interceding for the redeemed before God. The burnt offering shows Christ giving Himself to God as God's portion. The burnt offering shows a life completely devoted to God. The burnt offering shows Christ living His life in love as a sweet aroma to God. The burnt offering shows Christ going to His death in complete devotion without holding any part of His life back. The burnt offering shows Christ offering His thoughts, conduct, emotions, and vigor to God. The burnt offering shows Christ loving God with all of His heart, all of His soul, and all of His mind. The law prefigured Christ as its object. The typical things in the Old Testament have Christ as their object. The book of Leviticus concerns the work of Christ for those already redeemed. The book of Leviticus shows the character, mind, and attitude of Jesus Christ.
Who Fulfills the Azazel Goat— Satan or Christ? (Part Three)
'Ready Answer' by David C. GrabbeJesus Christ fulfilled the roles of both sacrificial animals on the Day of Atonement. He died to provide a covering of blood and open the way to the Father, and He also bore the sins of many, taking them to the land of forgetfulness. The expiation of mankind's sins, the atoning, cleansing, disannulling, purging, and putting away of sins, is what the Savior does. In Colossians, Christ is declared to have lifted up, taken away, and expiated the record that was against us, an exact match to what is said about the goat of departure. Hebrews gives the most complete explanation of the sacrificial law, and chapters 9 and 10 specifically cover the Day of Atonement. The only mention of Satan appears in Hebrews 2:14, where it simply says that the devil has the power of death. Conversely, chapters 9 and 10 resound with the work of Jesus Christ, and it is there that further evidence of His fulfillment of the azazel appears. The author points out Christ's finished work regarding sins: who being the brightness of His glory and the express image of His person, and upholding all things by the word of His power, when He had by Himself purged our sins, sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high. Even as Jesus Himself bore our sins in His own body on the tree and He Himself is the propitiation for our sins, so He also purged our sins by Himself. This threefold witness shatters the possibility that any other being is involved in the resolution of human sin. That He sat down also shows His work of purging sins is complete. It does not depend on a future act involving Satan. Hebrews 9 opens with a description of the earthly sanctuary and its contents. Verses 11-15 show Christ's fulfillment of the cleansing ritual and how He entered the Most Holy Place in heaven with His own blood. Verse 15 points out that the promise of eternal inheritance is based on His mediation. Verses 22-25 also explain Christ's cleansing of the heavenly sanctuary with His own blood, once for all, in contrast to the yearly purification of the physical sanctuary. After the purification of the sanctuary, the very next theme is that Christ put away sin. His sacrifice alone is sufficient for this. The Greek word translated put away, athetesis, means to cancel, and it can also be translated as disannul. Thus, in addition to cleansing the sanctuary, Christ's sacrifice put away sin. Verse 28 says that Christ's sacrifice was for the sake of bearing the sins of many, precisely what the azazel did in type. In addition, He will appear a second time, apart from sin. Hebrews 10 continues explaining the completeness of Christ's sacrifice. Part of the problem with animal sacrifices is that a consciousness of sins remains. Christ's sacrifice, though, includes the removal of sins from consciousness, which is implied in the role of the azazel but not actually accomplished. Hebrews 10:4 uses significant wording when speaking of taking away sins. The Greek word, aphaireo, has familiar meanings and implications. Its basic meaning is to remove, while it can also be translated as cut off. The author uses terminology that exactly describes the azazel, the goat of complete removal that bears the sins to a land that is cut off. Christ's sacrifice was both necessary and entirely sufficient to deal with sin. He became sin for us and was cut off. He paid the death penalty, giving access to the Father, as well as bearing the sin into forgetfulness and cleansing the consciences of those who accept Him. Hebrews 10:10 reads, By that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. The sanctification to which this refers has already been performed by Christ. Hebrews 10:12-14 declares that Christ, after He had offered one sacrifice for sins forever, sat down at the right hand of God, from that time waiting till His enemies are made His footstool. For by one offering He has perfected forever those who are bein
Offerings (Part Seven)
Sermon/Bible Study by John W. RitenbaughJesus Christ is the object of the offerings. They set Him forth and show the way that He lived His life. They also show not only what He did but also their impact and the consequences of what He did. The burnt offering shows Christ keeping the first four commandments toward God and loving God with all His heart, with all His mind, with all His soul, and with all His being. The meal offering shows Christ living His life to God for the benefit of men and meeting the requirements of the last six commandments. The peace offering shows God, man, and the priest satisfied in the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, all in fellowship. The sin and trespass offerings show Christ slain, outside the camp, laid, and burned so that God's claim is satisfied. The consequence is that man sinning and imperfect becomes at-one with God through Christ. Because of the sacrifices, those who believe are accepted in the Beloved as Christ would be accepted.
Jesus in the Feasts (Part Four): Atonement
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughIsaiah 53 and passages from the New Testament substantiate Christ's dual role in shedding His blood and bearing away sins, thereby reconciling humanity to God.
The Offerings of Leviticus (Part Nine): Conclusion (Part Two)
'Personal' from John W. RitenbaughThere must be something to prove we are one with Christ and in union with the Father and the Son. That something is the manner in which we conduct our life.
Who Fulfills the Azazel Goat—Satan or Christ? (Part Two)
'Ready Answer' by David C. GrabbeOn the Day of Atonement, the live goat bears the sins of the nation. Many think this represents Satan as the source of sin, yet Scripture reveals the truth.
The Offerings of Leviticus (Part Two): The Burnt Offering
'Personal' from John W. RitenbaughThe burnt offering is completely consumed on the altar. This type of offering teaches us about Christ's total dedication to God—and how we should emulate it.
Offerings (Part Four)
Sermon/Bible Study by John W. RitenbaughThe peace offering symbolizes the abundant life that results from complete devotion to God (the burnt offering) and service to others (the meal offering).
Offerings (Part Three)
Sermon/Bible Study by John W. RitenbaughThe meal offering (grain offering) represents fulfilling our duty to our neighbor. he materials used in the meal offering symbolize Jesus' perfect character.
The Offerings of Leviticus (Part Five): The Peace Offering, Sacrifice, and Love
'Personal' from John W. RitenbaughThe peace offering teaches many things, but one of its main symbols is fellowship. Our communion with the Father and the Son obligates us to pursue peace.
Offerings (Part Five)
Sermon/Bible Study by John W. RitenbaughWe give peace offerings today through living sacrifice, keeping God's law out of love and to glorify Him rather than just to perform duty.
Jesus in the Feasts (Part One): The Bread of Life
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughEven though the prophetic significance of the Holy Days outlines the the plan of God, the work of Jesus Christ in each event is even more significant.
The Offering of the Wise Men
Sermonette by John O. ReidIn our offering, we need to imitate the wise men, who knew they had been blessed by being some of the first people who had the opportunity to see Christ.
The Two Goats of Leviticus 16
Sermonette by David C. GrabbeThe first goat is a blood sacrifice to cleanse the altar. The second goat—the 'azazel' or 'complete removal'—is led away and freed (not bound by a chain).
Why Is Atonement a Fall Festival?
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughThough Passover and Atonement both deal with Christ's sacrifice, several reasons emerge to make Atonement a better fit for the fall holy days.
Sugar Cookie
Sermonette by Bill OnisickNavy Seal training has a humbling 'sugar cookie' exercise in which trainees are arbitrarily forced to endure excruciating discomfort and humiliation.
The Sacrifices of Leviticus (Part 2)
Sermon by John W. RitenbaughThe sacrifices were neither insignificant nor barbaric, but a teaching tool for us. In the burnt offering, we see Christ in His work for the already redeemed.
The Bond of Perfection: Sacrifice
Sermon by Bill OnisickSacrifice is the central theme of God's plan, not only the foundation of salvation, but also a means by which we are transformed into God's image.
Pentecost's Two Leavened Loaves (Part Three)
CGG Weekly by David C. GrabbeWe may do the right thing toward a neighbor but not do it with the exact, perfect attitude that God does it in. Thus, our 'good' work contains corruption.
It is Done! The Perfect Peace of God
Sermon by Mark SchindlerIn the peace offering, Christ is the priest, offeror, and offering. Since all parties share the peace offering as a meal, it exemplifies a peaceful communion.
Two Loaves, Baked with Leaven
Sermonette byThe leavening indicates that the wave loaves speak to this life rather than the resurrection. It is accepted by God only because of the other sacrifices.
Why Two Goats on Atonement? (Part One)
CGG Weekly by David C. GrabbeIn Israel, sins were symbolically placed on the altar throughout the year. On Yom Kippur, one goat's blood cleansed the altar; the second took away the sins.
Never With Hands Hanging at Your Sides
Sermonette byRejoicing did not become commanded until Pentecost, a joyous time in which God has brought us into fellowship with Our High Priest, enabling peace with Him.
King of Peace: Meal with His Friends
Sermon by Mark SchindlerAs preparations for the Passover memorial approach, the focus turns to the solemn yet joyous peace offering shared as friends with the King of Peace.
Pentecost's Two Leavened Loaves (Part One)
CGG Weekly by David C. GrabbeScripture uses leaven as a symbol of corruption. The mystery deepens with the instruction of not one leavened loaf but two. Why two leavened loaves?