God will put the people of Israel through a character development process that begins with a harrowing punishment to humble them because of their mounting sins. After this punishment a significant step occurs when God pays for and carries away the sins of the humble remnant. The remnant will return to God and depend on Him in truth. They will mourn and recognize their guilt in piercing the Messiah. God will then provide redemption for that humbled remnant and offer them the Holy Spirit. This leads to a second gathering or Second Exodus that draws the outcasts of Israel and the dispersed of Judah from all over the world. God forges a peace between Israel and Judah so that they unite as one stick. With this unity the converted remnant becomes able to serve as the example nation that God intended from the beginning. God makes a New Covenant with them that is superior to the first covenant. He writes His law on their hearts and places His Holy Spirit within them. This national conversion of the remnant occurs right about the time that Jesus Christ returns. The remnant comes back mourning and afflicted of soul. Through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ their sins are forgiven and they accept their place as God's people. They embrace Jesus Christ and He redeems them from their bondage to sin. With this converted Israel God forms the human nucleus of His Kingdom.