Simon Peter, among all the disciples of Jesus Christ, stands out with a vivid personality, his words and actions frequently noted. Upon their first meeting, Jesus looked at him and declared, "You are Simon the son of Jonah. You shall be called Cephas," meaning a Stone, thus naming him Peter, a rock of a man. A native of Bethsaida, a fishing village on the Sea of Galilee, Peter, along with his brother Andrew and possibly others, later moved to Capernaum where he and Andrew ran a fishing business. It was there that Jesus called him, Andrew, and the sons of Zebedee, saying, "Follow Me, and I will make you fishers of men," centering His ministry in Galilee from Capernaum. Peter's prominence among the disciples is evident as his name always heads the lists of Jesus' followers, and he often speaks on their behalf in conversations with Jesus. He leads as part of an inner circle with James and John, witnessing key events like the resurrection of a young girl, Jesus' transfiguration, and accompanying Him in the Garden of Gethsemane. His impetuous nature shows in actions like stepping onto the waves to walk to Jesus, blurting out ideas at the transfiguration, refusing initially to let Jesus wash his feet, and later cutting off a servant's ear during Jesus' arrest. Yet, after Christ's resurrection, Peter transforms into the leader Jesus groomed him to be, taking charge of the disciples, organizing the replacement for Judas Iscariot, and preaching powerfully on the Day of Pentecost, leading thousands to repentance. Peter, with John, heals a lame man in the Temple and boldly faces the Sanhedrin after arrests. He rebukes Ananias and Sapphira, confronts Simon Magus, and is chosen by God to initiate the conversion of Gentiles, recognizing that God shows no partiality. He defends this new understanding before the Jerusalem church and argues alongside Paul and Barnabas against requiring circumcision for Gentile converts. As an apostle, Peter traveled extensively, witnessing to Jesus in Jerusalem, Judea, Samaria, and beyond, with journeys hinted at in various regions like Antioch, Syria, and possibly further. His epistles offer hope and reminders of the gospel to suffering Christians, written near the end of his life.

Simon, surnamed Peter or Bar-Jonah, was made the chief among the twelve apostles by Christ to coordinate their work. As the chief apostle, Peter's life mission was to carry the gospel to the lost sheep of the House of Israel. He merely opened the door for the Gentiles, as seen in his visit to the house of Cornelius, but it was Paul who brought the gospel to the nations. Peter, in his capacity as chief apostle, also made a trip to the Gentile Samaritans, not to bring the gospel to them, but to pray for them to receive the Holy Spirit. After twelve years of ministry in the Syro-Palestinian region, Peter spent a significant portion of his time in the British Isles, preaching the gospel of the Kingdom of God to the lost Ten Tribes of Israel. According to historical accounts, Peter was a long time in these western parts, particularly in Britain, where he converted many nations to the faith. The very fact that Peter preached in Britain is evidence that part of the lost House of Israel was already there, as he was commissioned to go to the lost tribes, not to the Gentiles. Peter addressed his letters, such as I Peter, to the lost sheep of the House of Israel, referring to them as strangers, elect exiles, or pilgrims dwelling among Gentiles as aliens. These letters were directed to regions in the northern half of Asia Minor, including Pontus, Cappadocia, and Bithynia, areas where Paul did not preach, indicating Peter's distinct jurisdiction over these tribes of Israel. Universal tradition suggests that Peter was brought to Rome during Nero's reign and martyred around the same time as Paul. However, in AD 656, Pope Vitalian decided to send the remains of Peter and Paul to King Oswy, an English monarch, hinting at a connection to Britain. This aligns with Peter's mission to the lost tribes in the British Isles, as confirmed by various historical accounts.

After worshipping God in the synagogue on the Sabbath day, Jesus Christ, along with Peter, Andrew, James, and John, went to Peter's home to relax and eat. Upon arrival, they found Peter's wife's mother bedridden with a high fever, which gave Christ the opportunity to perform an act of mercy. After friends and relatives spoke to Him about her condition, He stood over her, rebuked the fever, and lifted her by the hand, healing her completely. So fully restored was she that she immediately began to serve her guests. This incident, highlighting Peter's married life through the presence of his wife's mother, stands as a testament to the personal circumstances of the apostles during their ministries.