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Was Jesus Christ's Body Broken? (Part One)
CGG Weekly by David C. GrabbeThe crucifixion of Jesus Christ, as detailed in John's account, reveals critical elements of His suffering and the fulfillment of Scripture. During the crucifixion, the position of the arms above the head compressed the upper ribcage, making breathing extremely difficult. Victims, already weakened from severe abuse, struggled to pull themselves up to breathe. To prolong the agony, executioners nailed the feet to the stake, allowing the victim to push up on impaled feet for temporary relief, enduring immense pain. To hasten death, executioners would break the victim's legs, preventing them from pushing up, leading to swift death by suffocation. In the case of Jesus Christ, the Jews, concerned about the timing of the holy day, requested the Romans to break the legs of those crucified. When they approached Jesus, He was already dead, so they pierced Him instead, fulfilling a Messianic prophecy. Significantly, His legs remained unbroken, aligning with the Scripture in Psalm 34:20, which states, "Not one of His bones shall be broken," as confirmed in John's record of the events.
Was Jesus Christ's Body Broken? (Part Two)
CGG Weekly by David C. GrabbeDuring the crucifixion, the Roman soldiers broke the legs of the two felons crucified alongside Jesus to hasten their deaths. However, when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs. This fulfilled the scripture in Psalm 34:20, which declares that the Lord guards all the bones of the righteous man, and not one of them is broken. Even amidst the severe suffering Jesus endured—being beaten, bruised, scourged, pierced, and marred more than any man—God preserved His bones intact. John later recognized this as the fulfillment of the prophecy, stating that these things were done so that the Scripture should be fulfilled, declaring that not one of His bones shall be broken. The preservation of Jesus' unbroken body also aligns with the instructions for the Passover sacrifice, where God stipulated that the bones of the Passover lamb were to remain intact. As Jesus is our Passover, God ensured this requirement was met perfectly. Additionally, the timing of Jesus' crucifixion in the afternoon of the fourteenth of Abib corresponds not with the killing of the Passover lambs at twilight, but with the day and time of God's covenant with Abraham. Had Jesus' body been divided, it would have implied that the self-malediction of that covenant had come to pass, suggesting the Covenant-Maker was paying the price for failure. Therefore, while His blood was shed to seal the New Covenant, it was equally essential that His body remain unbroken to satisfy God's promises to Abraham. In His sovereignty, God accomplished both imperatives without violation.
Was Jesus Christ's Body Broken?
Sermonette by David C. GrabbeWas Jesus Christ's body actually broken? If so, it would have symbolized disqualification and a broken covenant. Only the bread of Passover was broken.

Why Did Jesus Have to Die by Crucifixion?
'Ready Answer' by StaffOur Savior endured a most horrific death on a stauros or cross, a form of execution that was both gory and excruciating, often lasting for days. In Jesus' time, crucifixion was deemed so gruesome by the Romans that it was reserved for slaves, the worst criminals, and enemies of the state, with bodies often left to rot or be eaten by scavengers in public view as a warning. Jesus, having traveled through Galilee and Judea, undoubtedly witnessed the remains of many crucifixions and knew He would one day face this fate Himself. The Father had specifically planned for this type of execution to fully depict the horrors of sin, requiring Jesus to die by execution as a substitutionary sacrifice for our sins, a penalty that could not be paid by natural death but demanded the shedding of blood. Jesus' death by crucifixion was not only painful but also deeply shameful, a punishment reserved for the lowest of society, akin to criminals and incorrigibles. He was crucified between two robbers, likely judged guilty by association by passersby, amplifying the disgrace. This shame mirrors the shame of sin itself, portraying how sin tarnishes and humiliates. Additionally, crucifixion often left the victim exposed, stark naked or with minimal covering, adding to the humiliation Jesus endured as a sinless man before His mother, other women, the apostle John, and a multitude of spectators. Pilate's pronouncement handed Jesus over to be crucified, sentencing Him to this shameful death despite His innocence, as He took on the death penalty for our sins through Rome's preferred method of execution.
Was Jesus Christ's Body Broken? (Part Three)
CGG Weekly by David C. GrabbeChrist's body was not broken, and the bread of Passover, broken so it can be shared, is a symbol of being joined to His sinless life rather than death.
Jesus Christ, the Bearer of Sin
Sermonette by David C. GrabbeThe Messianic prophecy in Isaiah 53, plus the testimony of Peter and the author of Hebrews, show that Jesus fulfilled the azazel goat's role by bearing sin.
Why Wasn't Jesus Christ Crucified at the Start of Passover?
Sermonette by David C. GrabbeJesus was crucified late on Abib 14, yet the Passover lambs were to be killed at the beginning of the 14th. The time of Christ's death is highly significant.

Did God the Father Forsake Jesus Christ?
Sermon by David C. GrabbeJesus suffered the worst of effects including the temporary separation from His Father because of the Father's love for us, enduring what we should have received.
Jesus Christ's Trial (Part Two)
Sermon by Martin G. CollinsThe arrest, trials, and crucifixion of Jesus were unlawful at every turn. Here are 5 reasons why.
The Last Words of Jesus Christ
Sermon by Martin G. CollinsDuring the final hours of His life, Jesus made seven last statements to mankind, illustrating His nature and what He considered to be important for us.
Jesus Christ's Trial (Part Three)
Sermon by Martin G. CollinsPilate's attempt to be neutral in a decision that would have required courage backfired on him, causing him to utterly fail in leadership.
Was Jesus Christ Born Under the Law?
'Ready Answer' by Earl L. HennGalatians 4:4 says that Jesus was "born under [the] law." Some use this to say that while Christ had to keep all the rituals, we do not have to follow His example.
Did the Thief on the Cross Go to Heaven with Jesus Christ (Luke 23:43)?
Bible Questions & AnswersJesus said He would be in the grave 3 days and 3 nights after His crucifixion. Given that, could the thief have been with Christ in Paradise that very day?
Jesus' Sufferings on Passover
CGG Weekly by Ronny H. GrahamThe sequence of events that took place on Passover, from Jesus' arrest through His death, was orchestrated so we could appreciate what God did for us.

Why Was Jesus Not Crucified as Passover Began? (Part One)
'Ready Answer' by David C. GrabbeThe gospels show Jesus observing the Passover at the beginning of the 14th. Should we use the time when He observed it or the time He died as our guide?
Jesus' Final Human Thoughts (Part One)
Article by StaffWhat was in Jesus' mind during His final hours as a human being? The Bible shows that Jesus' thoughts were not on Himself or the sins He was bearing.
Was Jesus Crucified on a Cross or Stake (Matthew 27:35)?
Bible Questions & AnswersThe word 'cross' in the New Testament comes from the Greek word stauros, which means 'stake' or 'pole.' Biblical writers describe the instrument as a tree.
When Was Jesus Stabbed by the Roman Soldier (John 19:34)?
Bible Questions & AnswersThe KJV leaves out the last part of Matthew 27:49, though it is present in ancient manuscripts. Others translations include it in another place. Which is right?
Christ's Death, Resurrection, and Ascension
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughJesus perfectly fulfilled the Old Testament types, slain as the Passover Lamb, resurrected with the cutting of the wavesheaf, and ascended to His Father at the time of the waving of the sheaf.
Final Words of Jesus on the Cross
Sermon by Clyde FinkleaThe seven last sayings of Christ were all determined well before the creation of the earth.
Jesus' Final Human Thoughts (Part Two)
Article by StaffWhat was Jesus thinking about during His last hours as a human? The gospel accounts reveal what Jesus knew about His suffering, death, and resurrection.

Why Was Jesus Not Crucified as Passover Began? (Part Two)
'Ready Answer' by David C. GrabbeThe timing of Christ's crucifixion does not coincide with the Passover, but instead lines up with the covenant God made with Abraham, marking a major fulfillment.

Christ, Our Passover
'Personal' from John W. RitenbaughMany people believe that our sins are the focus of Passover—but they are wrong! Jesus Christ, the Passover Lamb, should be our focus. How well do you know Him?
Scripture Fulfilled in Christ's Death
Sermon by Martin G. CollinsFour distinct Old Testament Messianic prophecies were fulfilled by Christ's death and cited by the Apostle John.

Christ Coming in the Flesh
Sermon/Bible Study by Richard T. RitenbaughJohn and other biblical authors emphasize that Jesus Christ came in the flesh as a human being. Jesus had to be fully human to die for human sins.
The Three Witnesses of Christ (Part Two)
CGG Weekly by David C. GrabbeThe presence of the Holy Spirit in a person testifies of God, not necessarily by any spoken word, but by the evidence of a changed life.
The Trial of Jesus
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughThe trial of Jesus Christ had at least 17 illegalities, including corrupt judges, bogus witnesses, switching charges, changing venues, and intimidation.
Proofs of Christ's Resurrection
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughThere is more corroboration of evidence for the existence of Jesus Christ and His life experiences than that regarding Alexander the Great or Julius Caesar.
The Cross: Christian Banner or Pagan Relic?
Article by Earl L. HennIs it alright to wear a crucifix? As it turns out, the cross was a pagan worship symbol long before Christ's death, and was never used by the first century church.
Suffering Disgrace For Christ's Name
Sermon by Martin G. CollinsWe can always expect new challenges, including persecution, and must never be content with standing still, but must press on to spiritual maturity.
Four Views of Christ (Part 7)
Sermon by John W. RitenbaughOur lives parallel what Christ experienced: crucifixion, burial, resurrection, and glorification. The death of self must precede resurrection and glory.
Four Views of Christ (Part 4)
Sermon by John W. RitenbaughJesus sets a pattern for us by serving without thought of authority, power, position, status, fame, or gain, but as a patient, enduring, faithful servant.
Lessons From a Worm
CGG Weekly by John ReissIn Psalm 22, which prophesies of Christ's suffering, He says 'But I am a worm...." His reference is to a tola worm, which is rich in symbolism and meaning.

I Am Barabbas
Article by StaffTo some, Barabbas is nothing more than an interesting detail in Christ's trial. His presence during that event holds significant implications for us.
The Price of Your Life
Sermonette by Ted E. BowlingFilms try to depict the suffering and death of Jesus Christ, but have all fallen short of presenting the full dimensions of the event—the price of our sin.
Of Sponges and Spears
Article by StaffJesus calls on us to remember His affliction, including the piercing, the cup, the sour wine, and the gall.

His Bones Were Not Broken
Sermon by Ted E. BowlingJesus is the fulfillment of the Passover Lamb whose bones were to be left intact. His piercing parallels the lamb being bled by splitting its throat.
Garden of Gethsemane: The Oil Press
Sermonette by Ted E. BowlingThe Garden of Gethsemane has particular significance because it was not only an olive grove, but also the location where olives were pressed into oil.
What Is Propitiation? (Part One)
Bible Study by Martin G. CollinsPropitiation is the way God and man can be reconciled and experience a profitable relationship.
Until the Kingdom
Sermonette by Bill OnisickJesus' statement, 'I will not drink of this fruit of the vine ... until that day when I drink it new with you in My Father's kingdom" looks like a contradiction.

David the Prophet
'Prophecy Watch' by Richard T. RitenbaughAmong his many other accomplishments, King David was a significant prophet. Psalm 22, for example, is a clearly recognizable prophecy of Christ's suffering.
The Messiah in Three Psalms
Sermonette by Ted E. BowlingPsalms 22, 23 and 24 form a trilogy, each part of of which is a Messianic prophecy that tells a part of the Gospel of God's Kingdom.
Death of a Lamb
Article by StaffSince the church no longer keeps the Passover with the slaughter of a lamb, we miss important and poignant details that could enhance our observance.

Holy Days: Passover
Bible Study by Earl L. HennPassover may be the most important festival ordained by God. Not only does it memorialize Christ's death, it also symbolizes our redemption and the covenant.

Passover: An Extraordinary Peace Offering
Sermon by David C. GrabbeThe Passover sacrifice is basically unconnected with atonement, but represents the peace and security which attends fellowship with God because of His acceptance.
His Body, His Blood, and His Resurrection
Sermonette by Clyde FinkleaThere are three components to Christ's composite sacrifice for our salvation: His death through the shedding of His blood, His body, and His resurrection.
The First Prophecy (Part One)
'Prophecy Watch' by Richard T. RitenbaughGenesis is a book of beginnings, and in that theme, it also contains the first prophecy. Part of it is God's curse on the serpent in Genesis 3:14-15.

'After Three Days'
Booklet by Richard T. RitenbaughA scriptural explanation of the time of Christ's death, burial and resurrection, showing that He died on a Wednesday and rose from the dead on the Sabbath.
Remember: Truth and the Real Torch of Freedom
Sermon by Mark SchindlerThe Night to be Much Observed emphasizes that Jesus Christ is the true Torch of Freedom, extricating us from Satan and his multiple deceits.
Seeking God's Will (Part Four): Sacrifice
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughOn the Day of Atonement, we are to afflict our souls by fasting. We do no work, signifying that we did absolutely no work to attain our salvation.

Purge Me With Hyssop
Article by StaffThe Bible frequently uses the hyssop plant as a symbol of cleansing and purification. In relation to Christ's sacrifice, this herb has a connection to the Passover.
You Are My Witnesses That I Am God
Sermon by Martin G. CollinsChrist's trial and crucifixion were not historical accidents; rather, God prophesied both events in minute detail in Old Testament scriptures.
Are You Bearing Your Cross?
'Ready Answer' by StaffHow do we, as modern Christians, bear our cross as Jesus commands? Christ meant far more than simply carrying a stake over our shoulders!
Preternatural, Natural, Unnatural, Supernatural (Part Three)
Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh (1932-2023)Christ's life and death were supernatural in that He had God's Spirit from the beginning, giving Him power over things, as well as undeniable logic.
Priceless
CGG Weekly by Richard T. RitenbaughChrist's sacrifice is often not as real as it needs to be, but what He and His Father did for the elect, and ultimately, most of humanity, is priceless
By This We Know Love!
Sermon by Martin G. CollinsAs God's people keep God's law in its spiritual intent, they begin to think like the Father and His Son, both of whom habitually do good.
After the Resurrection
Sermon by Mark SchindlerThe absence of the 100 pounds of aloes, the folded 'turban,' and the rolled away stone indicate that a thorough cleansing and purification had occurred.
According to His Pleasure
Sermon by Martin G. CollinsGod 'took pleasure' in Christ's being bruised, not in the pain and suffering that His Son endured, but in the ultimate goal of adding to His Family.
John (Part Twenty-Seven)
Sermon/Bible Study by John W. RitenbaughJesus Christ remained totally in control of the events of His trial, including His own prediction that He would be crucified under Roman law.
Psalms: Book One (Part Five)
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughBook One of the Psalms, parallel with the spring season, focuses on the Messianic prophecies, revealing God's plan to redeem Israel by crushing Satan.
Chronic Difficulties
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughHuman tradition and Bible truth regarding the timing of Christ's crucifixion and resurrection do not square. Here is the overwhelming chronological evidence.

The Cursed Redeemer
Sermon by Richard T. RitenbaughHanging on a tree was designated the punishment for the worst kind of sin. Jesus was hung on a tree, having fulfilled the curse of the law for us.
Matthew (Part Twenty-Six)
Sermon/Bible Study by John W. RitenbaughTrue greatness does not come from dominance but from serving with the attitude of a slave. Willingness to sacrifice self is the secret to success.